China Crayfish Industry Development Report (2018)

China Crayfish Industry Development Report (2018)
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Fisheries and Fisheries Administration
National Aquatic Technology Extension Station
 Chinese Fisheries Society
(June 2018)

In 2017, the Chinese crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) culture area exceeded 10 million mu, the output exceeded 1 million tons, and the total economic output exceeded 260 billion yuan (excluding the statistics of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province). , the same below). Crayfish farming has become one of the main modes of eco-cyclical agriculture development. It is a sunrise industry that accelerates the development of the most dynamic, potential and characteristics of fishery green development in the new era. It is an effective starting point for China to implement the rural revitalization strategy and the precise poverty alleviation of the agricultural industry. It plays an important role in cultivating the new kinetic energy of local economic growth, promoting the structural reform of the supply side of the agricultural (fishing) industry, promoting the efficiency of the agricultural (fishing) industry, and increasing the income of farmers (fishing).

In order to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the crayfish industry, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Fisheries and Fisheries Administration jointly organized the “China Crayfish Industry Development Report (2018)” in conjunction with the National Aquatic Technology Extension Station and the China Fisheries Society. The report focuses on the comprehensive development of the development of China’s crayfish industry in 2017, comprehensive analysis of the situation and challenges, summing up the characteristics of development, forecasting the development situation, and proposing development proposals.

I, The industrial output value

The Chinese crayfish industry started from the initial “fishing + catering” and gradually formed a complete industrial chain integrating seedling breeding, healthy breeding, processing and exporting, deep processing, logistics and catering, and cultural festivals. According to estimates, the total social and economic output value of crayfish in 2017 was about 268.5 billion yuan, an increase of 83.15% over 2016. Among them, the output value of the aquaculture industry is about 48.5 billion yuan, the output value of the secondary industry mainly for processing industry is about 20 billion yuan, and the output value of the tertiary industry mainly catering is about 200 billion yuan, accounting for 18.06% of the total social and economic output value. 7.45%, 74.49%.

According to incomplete statistics, there were nearly 5,000 cooperative economic organizations engaged in crayfish production and operation in 2017, and about 5.2 million employees in the whole industry chain of crayfish, including nearly 1 million people engaged in the primary industry and engaged in crayfish processing. Nearly 200,000 people in the secondary industry and about 100,000 crayfish circulation brokers.

II,  Aquaculture production

(1) Production situation

According to statistics, in 2017, there were 19 provinces with crayfish aquaculture production reports in China, followed by Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Henan, Sichuan, Shandong, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Guizhou. Shanghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Hebei. The total production of crayfish farming in the country was 1,128,600 tons, including 631,600 tons in Hubei Province, 137,700 tons in Anhui Province, 135,700 tons in Hunan Province, 114,200 tons in Jiangsu Province and 74,400 tons in Jiangxi Province. The small-scale production of crayfish in the above five provinces was 1,093,600 tons, accounting for 96.90% of the country’s total output, of which Hubei Province had the largest output, accounting for 55.96% of the country.

In 2017, among the top 30 counties (cities, districts) in the country, there were 20 counties in Hubei Province, 3 in Anhui Province, 1 in Jiangxi Province, 4 in Hunan Province, and 2 in Jiangsu Province. The total production of crayfish farming in 30 counties (cities, districts) was 734,900 tons, accounting for 65.12% of the total crayfish production in the country. Among them, the production of crayfish in Jianli County, Hubei Province is 110,000 tons, which is the only county with a production exceeding 100,000 tons.

(2) Distribution of aquaculture area

According to incomplete statistics, the national crayfish farming area reached 12 million mu in 2017, an increase of 3 million mu compared with 2016. According to the aquaculture waters, the national crayfish paddy field in 2017 is about 8.5 million mu, accounting for 70.83% of the total aquaculture area. The pond culture area is about 2 million mu, accounting for 16.67% of the total aquaculture area. The mixed area of large water surface proliferation and lotus field cultivation is about 1.5 million mu, accounting for 12.50% of the total aquaculture area. In 2017, the national crayfish paddy farming area accounted for 47.54% of the country’s rice field fish culture area of 25.24 million mu, an increase of 7.54 percentage points compared with 2016.

According to the situation of the provinces, among the top 5 provinces in the production of crayfish in 2017, the area of crayfish culture in Hubei Province was 5.44 million mu, Anhui Province was 1.48 million mu, Jiangsu Province was 13.820 million mu, and Hunan Province was 1.2 million. Mu, Jiangxi Province is 590,000 mu. The area of crayfish culture in the five provinces showed an increasing trend year by year.

(3) Breeding mode

At present, the crayfish breeding model mainly includes comprehensive cultivation of rice and shrimp, pond main cultivation, lotus root (苇) field cultivation, river crab pond polyculture, and large water surface artificial aquaculture. Among them, the comprehensive breeding of rice and shrimp is the main breeding mode of each region, and this model can be subdivided into the pattern of continuous cropping of rice and shrimp, continuous cropping of rice and shrimp and co-production.

1. Rice and shrimp mode. Rice and shrimp continuous cropping: planting a mid-season rice, raising a season of crayfish. That is, the broodstock will be placed before the harvest of the mid-season in August-September, or the juvenile prawn will be placed after harvesting in October-November, and the shrimp will be harvested from April to May in the next year, and the rice will be transplanted in June, and the mid-season will be planted in a season. This model generally produces 100 kilograms of crayfish and 500 kilograms of rice per mu. The average output value per mu is about 4,500 yuan, and the average profit per mu is about 2,000 yuan. Rice and shrimp continuous cropping + co-production: After raising a season of crayfish, the crayfish parent is cultivated while planting mid-season rice. That is, the broodstock will be placed before the harvest of the mid-season in August-September, or the juvenile prawn will be placed after the rice harvest in October-November. The shrimp will be harvested in early April and late May, and the rice will be transplanted in the first half of June. Shrimp, October – March, the breeding of crayfish seedlings, cycle rotation. This model generally produces 150 kilograms of crayfish per mu and 500 kilograms of rice. The average output value per mu is about 5,500 yuan, and the average profit per mu is about 3,000 yuan.

2. Pond main maintenance mode. The pond will be structurally reconstructed, planting a variety of water plants, keeping the annual coverage of water plants at 40%, and investing 8,000 crayaceous seedlings in the mu, feeding high-quality pellets, generally producing 150-200 kilograms of crayfish per mu, and an average profit of 4000 per mu. Yuan or so.

3, shrimp and crab pond polyculture mode. By optimizing the stocking density, ecological facilities, aquatic plant cultivation, feed feeding, water quality control and other key technical measures, the coverage of aquatic plants is 40%-70%, 800 acres of juvenile crabs, 5000 lobster seedlings, and generally per mu. 75 kilograms of crabs and 100 kilograms of crayfish, the average profit per mu is about 4,000 yuan.

In addition, new models of crayfish farming are also emerging, such as the “Ling-Shrimp” model in Zhejiang Province, the “Shrimp-Shrimp” model in Shandong Province, the winter shrimp farming model in Hainan Province, and the anti-season shrimp farming model in Hubei Province and Shanghai.

Crayfish e-commerce business model continues to innovate, with the “e-commerce platform + crayfish” business model represented by Jingdong, Alibaba, etc., comprehensively layout the crayfish sales market. In 2017, the transaction volume of e-commerce platform in Hubei Province alone reached 500 million yuan, including the “Internet + Crayfish” operation mode of Qiangang’s “Shrimp Valley 360” vertical e-commerce platform, attracting more than 300 large purchasers and dealers. Home, crayfish logistics and distribution radiate more than 300 cities across the country, more than 3,000 customer terminals, the annual crayfish transaction amounted to 359 million yuan.

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